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水凝胶纤维兼具纤维的一维宏观结构和水凝胶的三维微观结构，已成为新型纤维材料领域的国内外研究热点，尤其是生物相容性好、可自然降解的生物基水凝胶纤维备受关注。为了全面系统地了解生物基水凝胶纤维的研究现状与发展趋势，文章综述了蛋白质基、纤维素基、藻酸盐基等多类生物基水凝胶纤维的国内外研究成果，总结了生物基水凝胶纤维的制备方法、主要性能特征及复合优势。其中，以丝素蛋白、胶原蛋白为代表的蛋白质基水凝胶纤维具有良好的可塑性；纤维素材料多以物理交联形式构筑水凝胶纤维并常作为增强材料；复合型藻酸盐基水凝胶纤维制备形式多样且适用范围广。此外，阐述了生物基水凝胶纤维在伤口敷料、药物输送、组织工程等生物医学领域及在应变、压力、温度和湿度传感等领域的应用，并提出了研制基于自然界生物质材料的水凝胶纤维所面临的机遇和挑战，为进一步制备高性能、多功能且绿色环保的生物基水凝胶纤维提供了参考。
Abstract：Hydrogel fibers, which combine the one-dimensional macroscopic structure of fibers with the three-dimensional microscopic structure of hydrogels, have become a prominent research focus in the field of new fiber materials both domestically and internationally. Bio-based hydrogel fibers, in particular, have garnered significant attention due to their excellent biocompatibility and natural degradability. To gain a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the research status and development trends of bio-based hydrogel fibers, this study reviews domestic and international research achievements on various types of bio-based hydrogel fibers, including those based on proteins, cellulose, and alginates. The preparation methods, key properties, and composite advantages of these fibers are detailed. Protein-based hydrogel fibers, represented by silk fibroin and collagen, exhibit remarkable plasticity. Cellulose-based fibers are often constructed through physical cross-linking and are commonly used as reinforcing materials. Composite alginatebased hydrogel fibers exhibit diverse preparation methods and wide applicability. Furthermore, the applications of biobased hydrogel fibers in biomedical fields, such as wound dressings, drug delivery systems, and tissue engineering, are discussed. Their uses in flexible sensing areas, including strain, pressure, temperature, and humidity sensing, are also covered. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in developing hydrogel fibers based on natural biomass materials are presented, providing a valuable reference for further advancements in creating high-performance, multifunctional, and environmentally friendly bio-based hydrogel fibers.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20240318001
中图分类号:TQ427.26;TS106
引用信息:
[1]张昱旻,刘雨茜,吴玉婷等.生物基水凝胶纤维的研究现状[J].南通大学学报(自然科学版),2024,23(02):1-11.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20240318001.
基金信息: