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长江中下游地区是我国经济发展水平最高的地区之一，降水丰富且有长江过境，但水资源与地区经济发展不协调的问题却较为严重。南通市位于长江口北翼，是这一地区的重要代表，长期存在地表水欠缺、需要大量开采地下水等水资源问题。为更加科学合理地使用水资源，需要对其水资源的可持续发展状况进行研究。本文利用水资源生态足迹法对南通市2012—2021年的水资源生态足迹和生态承载力等进行分析，结果显示：南通市整体的水资源生态足迹较为稳定，水资源的合理开发仍有较大的改善空间，所辖市、县、区之间差别较大，主要与其产业结构有关；水资源生态承载力和水资源负载指数波动起伏较大，且不同区域波动趋势较一致，均与平均降水量呈正或负相关，表明降水量的增加有利于水资源生态承载力的提高和水资源压力的降低；万元GDP水资源生态足迹整体呈明显下降趋势，表明南通市水资源利用的效率不断提高；南通市水资源长期处于生态赤字状态，亟需采取有效措施来扭转这一局面。
Abstract：The middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are among China′s most economically developed regions, characterized by abundant precipitation and a steady water flow. However, a serious imbalance exists between water resource availability and regional economic development. Nantong City, located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River estuary, exemplifies this issue, facing persistent surface water shortages and heavy reliance on groundwater extraction. To support more rational and scientific water use, this study assesses the sustainability of water resources in Nantong using the ecological footprint method from 2012 to 2021. The results indicate that the overall ecological footprint of water resources in Nantong has remained relatively stable, yet significant disparities exist across districts, primarily due to variations in industrial structure. The ecological carrying capacity and water resource load index fluctuate substantially, with consistent trends across regions that correlate positively or negatively with average precipitation. This suggests that increased rainfall improves ecological carrying capacity while easing water stress. Additionally, the water resource ecological footprint per 10 000 yuan of GDP shows a clear downward trend, reflecting improving efficiency in water use. However, Nantong has remained in an ecological water deficit over the long term,highlighting the need for effective measures to reverse this trend.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20240618001
中图分类号:TV213.4
引用信息:
[1]曹婷丽,芦艳琳,陈秀文等.基于水资源生态足迹的南通市水资源可持续性利用评价[J].南通大学学报(自然科学版),2025,24(02):88-94.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20240618001.
基金信息:
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（42002111）