| 476 | 1 | 718 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
氧化铝(Al_2O3)纤维基复合材料是广泛应用于航天航空领域的隔热材料，但Al_2O3纤维与复合基体间的弱界面结合导致的界面失效会极大地影响纤维增强效果，通过真空浸渍和冷冻干燥技术在Al_2O3纤维表面生长莫来石晶须可以有效解决此问题。文章采用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线衍射分析(XRD)对莫来石晶须的表观形貌、晶型结构进行分析，探讨了碱硅胶用量对晶须生长形貌的影响，最后将其与SiO2气凝胶复合研究Al_2O3纤维/莫来石晶须的界面增强对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明：碱硅胶用量为2.8 mL的莫来石晶须形貌最佳，直径约为60 nm，与标准卡片对比证明所长晶须确为莫来石晶须。生长莫来石晶须的Al_2O3纤维/莫来石晶须增强SiO2气凝胶在10%应变的加载下压缩强力为38.3 kPa，较生长前提高了70%。
Abstract：Alumina(Al_2O3) fiber-based composite materials are widely utilized as thermal insulation materials in the aerospace industry. However, the weak interface bonding between Al_2O3 fibers and the composite matrix significantly affects the fiber reinforcement effectiveness. To address this issue, vacuum impregnation and freeze-drying techniques were employed to grow mullite whiskers on the surface of Al_2O3 fibers. The apparent morphology and crystal structure of the mullite whiskers were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), and X-ray diffraction(XRD). The influence of the amount of alkali silica sol on the morphology of whisker growth was investigated. Additionally, the effect of interface enhancement of the Al_2O3 fiber/mullite whiskers composite on the mechanical properties of the composite material was studied by incorporating SiO2 aerogel. The results indicate that the optimal morphology of mullite whiskers is achieved with an alkali silica sol dosage of 2.8 mL, resulting in whiskers with a diameter of approximately 60 nm. Comparison with standard reference samples confirms that the grown whiskers are indeed mullite. The growth of mullite whiskers on Al_2O3 fibers enhances the SiO2 aerogel, resulting in a compressive strength of 38.3 kPa at a 10% strain loading, representing a 70% improvement in mechanical performance compared to pre-growth conditions.
[1]邢亚娟，孙波，高坤，等.航天飞行器热防护系统及防热材料研究现状[J].宇航材料工艺，2018, 48(4):9-15.XING Y J, SUN B, GAO K, et al. Research status of thermal protection system and thermal protection materials for aerospace vehicles[J]. Aerospace Materials&Technology, 2018, 48(4):9-15.(in Chinese)
[2]刘永胜，曹立阳，张运海，等.高超声速飞行器热防护用超高温复合材料的研究进展[J].复合材料科学与工程，2022(10):107-118.LIU Y S, CAO L Y, ZHANG Y H, et al. Research progress on ultra-high temperature composites for thermal protection of hypersonic vehicles[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2022(10):107-118.(in Chinese)
[3]陈恒.新型超高温隔热材料的制备和性能研究[D].天津：天津大学，2020.CHEN H. Preparation and properties of novel ultra-high temperature thermal insulation materials[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2020.(in Chinese)
[4] SHIN S, WANG Q Y, LUO J, et al. Advanced materials for high-temperature thermal transport[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020, 30(8):1904815.
[5] SHIH Y C, CHEUNG F B, KOO J H, et al. Numerical study of transient thermal ablation of high-temperature insulation materials[J]. Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, 2003, 17(1):53-61.
[6] GEORGE K, PANDA B P, MOHANTY S, et al. Recent developments in elastomeric heat shielding materials for solid rocket motor casing application for future perspective[J]. Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 2018, 29(1):8-21.
[7] JIA C, LI L, LIU Y, et al. Highly compressible and anisotropic lamellar ceramic sponges with superior thermal insulation and acoustic absorption performances[J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11(1):3732.
[8] LIU M Q, HOU J L, XIANG J, et al. Effect of non-woven Al2O3/C nanofibers as functional interlayer on electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2018, 18(11):7824-7829.
[9] WANG N, XIE Y S, LV J N, et al. Preparation of ultrafine flexible alumina fiber for heat insulation by the electrospinning method[J]. Ceramics International, 2022, 48(13):19460-19466.
[10] YAMASHITA H, OGAMI T, KANAMURA K. Hydrothermal synthesis of hollow Al2O3microfibers for thermal insulation materials[J]. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 2018, 91(5):741-746.
[11] WU T, BLAWERT C, SERDECHNOVA M, et al. PEO processing of AZ91Nd/Al2O3MMC:the role of alumina fibers[J]. Journal of Magnesium and Alloys, 2022, 10(2):423-439.
[12] TANG H, ROGOV A B, SOUTIS C, et al. Fabrication,interfacial and flexural properties of a polymer composite reinforced by γ-Al2O3/Al fibres[J]. Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2023, 169:107502.
[13] MUDRA E, SHEPA I, HRUBOVCAKOVA M, et al. Highly wear-resistant alumina/graphene layered and fiber-reinforced composites[J]. Wear, 2021, 484:204026.
[14]áDáM P, HORVáTH M, SINKóK. Sol-gel derived porous aluminum oxide cryogel-fiber composite systems[J].Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2023, 380:121755.
[15] GUGLIELMI P O, BLAESE D, HABLITZEL M P, et al.Microstructure and flexural properties of multilayered fiber-reinforced oxide composites fabricated by a novel lamination route[J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 41(6):7836-7846.
[16]高龙飞，柴笑笑，李松，等.氧化铝纤维增强氮化硼基复合材料制备及性能研究[J].复合材料科学与工程，2023(7):125-128.GAO L F, CHAI X X, LI S, et al. Preparation and properties of alumina fiber reinforced boron nitride matrix composites[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2023(7):125-128.(in Chinese)
[17] THAM L M, GUPTA M, CHENG L. Effect of limited matrix-reinforcement interfacial reaction on enhancing the mechanical properties of aluminium-silicon carbide composites[J]. Acta Materialia, 2001, 49(16):3243-3253.
[18] LIU G W, ZHANG X Z, YANG J, et al. Recent advances in joining of SiC-based materials(monolithic SiC and SiCf/SiC composites):joining processes, joint strength, and interfacial behavior[J]. Journal of Advanced Ceramics, 2019,8(1):19-38.
[19] ZHU Z W, WEI Z L, SHEN J X, et al. Fabrication and catalytic growth mechanism of mullite ceramic whiskers using molybdenum oxide as catalyst[J]. Ceramics International, 2017, 43(2):2871-2875.
[20]赵航远.高温稳定莫来石纤维/莫来石晶须气凝胶的制备及其晶须原位生成机理研究[D].天津：天津大学，2018.ZHAO H Y. Preparation of thermal-stable mullite fibers/mullite whiskers aerogels and mechanism of in-situ formation of mullite whiskers[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2018.(in Chinese)
[21]刘佳朋.莫来石晶须/纤维多尺度增强SiO2气凝胶及其隔热性能研究[D].天津：天津大学，2018.LIU J P. Research on the heat insulation performance of the multi-scale mullite whiskers/fibers reinforced SiO2aerogels[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University, 2018.(in Chinese)
[22] YOU K, GAO Y J, QIAN W Y, et al. Simultaneous removal of fluoride, manganese and iron by manganese oxide supported activated alumina:characterization and optimization via response surface methodology[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2021, 84(12):3799-3816.
[23]陈琴.溶胶-凝胶法制备疏水SiO2气凝胶及其性能研究[D].长沙：中南大学，2010.CHEN Q. Preparation and properties of hydrophobic SiO2aerogels by sol-gel method[D]. Changsha:Central South University, 2010.(in Chinese)
基本信息:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20240326001
中图分类号:TQ343.5;O784
引用信息:
[1]朱彧楠,马晓东,马小民,等.氧化铝纤维表面晶须的生长控制[J].南通大学学报(自然科学版),2024,23(02):39-45.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20240326001.
基金信息:
江苏省重点研发计划项目（BE2021056）
2024-03-26
2024
2024-04-29
2024
1
2024-05-07
2024-05-07
2024-05-07