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活性氧（reactive oxygen species,ROS）是细胞代谢过程中普遍存在的关键分子，广泛参与多种生理功能的调控过程。作为重要的信号分子，ROS不仅介导生物体的生长发育调控，还与机体健康状态及衰老进程密切相关，是维持生命活动正常运转不可或缺的生化基础要素，同时，这也是ROS调节应用在临床医学上的重要基础。纳米技术领域的突破性进展催生了一系列具备精准ROS调控功能的纳米材料的开发。这些材料能够定向调控生物微环境中的ROS动态平衡，为基于ROS浓度调控的新型治疗范式奠定了物质基础。这种治疗策略的核心在于：通过纳米材料介导的ROS水平时空控制，实现了“纳米调节—ROS响应—治疗输出”的三元级联协同。ROS调控被认为是一种具有化学机制、生物效应和纳米治疗应用相互交叉的新兴学科。本综述详细总结了基于ROS调控的纳米疗法的最新研究进展，重点介绍了纳米材料的潜在化学成分，这些化学成分通过产生或清除作用，提升或降低ROS水平以改善治疗效果，旨在帮助广大研究者解锁更多基于ROS的纳米材料应用手段和治疗方法。
Abstract：Reactive oxygen species(ROS) are key molecules ubiquitous in cellular metabolic processes, extensively participating in the regulation of various physiological functions. As important signaling molecules, ROS not only mediate the regulation of biological growth and development but are also closely related to the health status and aging process of organisms, serving as indispensable biochemical fundamental elements for maintaining normal life activities.This is also the important basis for ROS regulation applications in clinical medicine. Breakthrough advances in nanotechnology have catalyzed the development of a series of nanomaterials with precise ROS regulation functions. These materials can directionally regulate the ROS dynamic balance in biological microenvironments, laying the material foundation for novel therapeutic paradigms based on ROS concentration regulation. The core of this therapeutic strategy lies in: achieving the ternary cascade synergy of ″nano-regulation-ROS response-therapeutic output″ through nanomaterial-mediated spatiotemporal control of ROS levels. ROS regulation is considered an emerging discipline with the intersection of chemical mechanisms, biological effects, and nano-therapy applications. This review provides a detailed summary of recent research progress in ROS regulation-based nano-therapies, focusing on the potential chemical components of nanomaterials that elevate or decrease ROS levels through generation or scavenging effects to improve therapeutic outcomes, aiming to help researchers unlock more ROS-based nanomaterial application approaches and therapeutic methods.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20241207001
中图分类号:R318.08;TB383.1
引用信息:
[1]李妍琪,周逢春,沈唯一,等.基于活性氧生成/消除机制的纳米平台的临床应用及研究进展[J].南通大学学报(自然科学版),2025,24(04):85-94.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20241207001.
2024-12-07
2024
2025-04-29
2025
2
2025-05-09
2025-05-09
2025-05-09