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针对覆盖型岩溶区码头工程建设中的岩溶塌陷风险问题，本文以九江市某港口冲孔灌注桩施工诱发的“上黏下砂”复合覆盖层岩溶塌陷为研究对象，通过离散元数值模拟方法，探究施工诱发岩溶塌陷的形成机制及关键影响因素。通过控制变量法开展离散元模拟研究，将溶洞大小、桩孔孔径、桩孔与溶洞相对位置作为变量，设计10组工况，分析各因素对岩溶塌陷的影响。结果表明：溶洞半径分别与地表最大竖向位移、地表影响范围呈正相关；桩孔与溶洞的偏移量分别与地表最大竖向位移、地表影响范围呈负相关；桩孔孔径从3 m增至6 m时，地表最大位移先增后减（峰值为9.8 m），影响范围持续扩大至94.5 m。研究揭示了细观视角下施工诱发岩溶塌陷的演化机制，可为多元复合覆盖型岩溶区工程的塌陷防灾减灾提供科学依据与数值模拟支撑。
Abstract：To address the risk of karst collapse during wharf construction in covered karst areas, this study focuses on a karst collapse event of the ″ clay-over-sand″ composite overburden induced by the construction of bored piles by percussion drilling at a port in Jiujiang. Employing discrete element numerical simulation, this study investigates the formation mechanism and key influencing factors of construction-induced karst collapse. The discrete element simulation was conducted via the control variable method, with the size of karst caves, size of pile holes, and relative position between pile holes and karst caves set as variables. A total of 10 working conditions were designed to analyze the impact of each factor on karst collapse. The simulation results indicate that the karst cave radius positively correlates with both the maximum vertical ground surface displacement and the lateral surface influence zone. Conversely, the horizontal offset between the pile hole and the cave exhibits a negative correlation with these two parameters. Notably,as the pile hole diameter increases from 3 to 6 m, the maximum ground surface displacement exhibits a non-monotonic trend—first increasing and then decreasing to a peak of 9.8 m—whereas the overall influence zone continuously expands to 94.5 m. This study uncovers the mesoscopic evolution mechanisms of construction-induced karst collapse,providing a crucial scientific foundation and numerical support for disaster prevention and mitigation in multi-component composite covered karst engineering.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.12194/j.ntu.20251011003
中图分类号:P642.25;U656.1
引用信息:
[1]周云,董超锟.基于离散元方法的岩溶塌陷影响因素与作用机制分析[J].南通大学学报(自然科学版),2026,25(02):78-85.DOI:10.12194/j.ntu.20251011003.
2026-06-20
2026-06-20